The U.S. Census Bureau has released data from the 2024 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), which provides detailed information on income and participation in assistance programs among individuals and households across the United States. The SIPP is a longitudinal survey that follows the same people over time to track changes in economic well-being, family structure, education, assets, health insurance coverage, child care arrangements, and food security.
This year’s release includes several sets of data tables. These cover receipt of Social Security; Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF); Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); Supplemental Security Income (SSI); retirement income; unemployment insurance; free and reduced-price school meals; Veterans Administration (VA) benefits; and child support by various demographic groups.
Additional tables provide national and state-level measures of wealth and debt based on characteristics such as home equity, retirement accounts, vehicle debt, credit card balances, and student loans.
A brief titled “Wealth of Households: 2023” uses information from the 2024 SIPP to analyze household wealth during 2023. It highlights differences in asset ownership and debt holding as well as variations in median household wealth by factors like education level and income.
Another brief called “Monthly and Episodic Poverty: 2023” examines monthly poverty rates along with episodic poverty—defined as being in poverty for two or more consecutive months—and looks at how long different demographic groups spend below the poverty line. This analysis draws attention to SIPP’s ability to measure unique aspects of poverty dynamics.
Supporting materials are available alongside the data release through resources such as Data Dictionaries, an online codebook, and an updated user guide. More details can be found on the SIPP website or through the SIPP Library.
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